HOW ARE NUTRIENTS GET REPLENISHED IN THE SOIL || CLASS 7
FOOD IS ESSENTIAL FOR ALL LIVING ORGANISMS . CARBOHYDRATES , PROTEINS , FATS , VITAMINS AND MINERALS ARE ALL IMPORTANT COMPONENT OF OUR FOOD . THESE COMPONENT OF FOOD ARE NECESSARY FOR OUR BODY AND ARE CALLED NUTRIENTS.
NUTRIENTS ARE IMPORTANT COMPONENTS OF FOOD THAT ENABLE LIVING ORGANISMS TO BUILD THEIR BODIES , TO GROW , TO REPAIR DAMAGED PARTS OF THEIR BODIES AND TO PROIDE THE ENERGY TO CARRYOUT LIFE PROCESS.
WHAT IS NUTRITION ?
THE PROCESS, OF OBTAINING , AND UTILISING, FOOD BY A LIVING ORGANISM KNOWN AS NUTRITION.
NOTE = THE PROCESS OF OBTAINING AND UTILISING FOOD IN ALL ORGANISM, IS NOT SAME.
MODE OF NUTRITION
ON THE BASIS OF FOOD HABITS, THE MODES OF NUTRITION IN PLANTS HAVE BEEN DIVIDED INTO TWOCATEGORIES:
AUTOTROPHIC NUTRITION
IT IS THE MODE OF NUTRITION IN WHICH ORGANISMS CAN MAKE THEIR OWN FOODS FROM SIMPLE RAW MATERIALS.
EXAMPLE = ALL GREEN PLANTS AND SOME BACTERIA.
NOTE = AUTO SELF , TROPHE = NUTRITION.
HETEROTROPHIC NUTRITION
IT IS THE MODE OF NUTRITION IN WHICH ORTGANISMS CAN NOT PREPARE THEIR OWN FOOD ON THEIR OWN AND DEPEND ON OTHERS FOR IT.
EXAMPLE = ALL ANIMALS AND FEW PLANTS.
NOTE = IN GREEK HETERONE = AN OTHER.
YOU DON"T KNOW ?
EUGLENA IS AN ORGANISM THAT SHOWS BOTH AUTOTROPHIC AND HETEROTROPHIC MODES OF NUTRITION. IT HAS BOTH PLANTS AND ANIMAL LIKE FEATURES.
HOW ARE NUTRIENTS REPLENISHED IN THE SOIL ?
PLANTS REMOVE NUTRIENTS FROM THE SOIL AS THEY GROW . THESE NUTRIENTS NEED TO BE REINTRODUCED INTO THE SOIL SO THAT THE SOIL REMAINS PRODUCTIVE. FARMERS USUALLY ENRICH THE SOIL BY ADDING MANURES AND FERTILLISERS.
IN A FOREST WHERE NO ONE GO TO ADD FERTILISERS, THE DECOMPOSITION OF DEAD LEAVES, AND OTHER PLANT AND ANIMAL MATTER ENRICHES THE SOIL WITH NUTRIENTS.
SOME REPEATABLE QUESTIONS FROM THIS CHAPTER IN EXAM.
# What is plant nutrition?
Plant nutrition is the study of elements and compounds necessary for plant growth, metabolism and external supply. A plant cannot complete its life cycle in its absence.
# What is the main mode of nutrition in plants?
The main mode of nutrition in plants is the autotrophic mode of nutrition. Plants have chlorophyll in their leaves which helps them to produce their own food.
# What are the different types of heterotrophic nutrition in plants?
Some plants do not have chlorophyll and depend upon other plants for their food. Such plants exhibit a heterotrophic mode of nutrition and are known as heterotrophic plants. For eg., parasitic plants, insectivorous plants, symbiotic plants and saprophytic plants.
# What are insectivorous plants?
Insectivorous plants are the plants that trap insects. Their leaves are modified into special structures which traps the insects and digest it with the help of digestive enzymes to derive nutrition from them.
# What are the important nutrients required by the plants?
Plants require two types of nutrients- macronutrients and micronutrients. Macronutrients include nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and sulphur. The micronutrients include boron, chlorine, copper, iron, manganese, molybdenum, and zinc.
# How are the nutrients absorbed by the plants?
Plants absorb nutrients through their roots. They transport nutrients and water up through the stem to the parts that are above ground level.
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